If a mammogram reveals an abnormal finding that cannot be clarified further by ultrasound, it must be examined with a small tissue sample (biopsy).

The patient is positioned on her side or in a sitting position on an examination table. The breast is fixed under compression in a similar way to a mammogram. The findings are visualized again using mammography-like images or by means of tomosynthesis so that the biopsy can be performed accurately.

The area to be biopsied is then locally anaesthetized. Finally, a biopsy needle is inserted into the correct position under image control. Once several small biopsies have been taken, the needle is removed and the site marked with a small clip. This is necessary so that the correct location for the operation can be found again in the event of pathological findings.

The puncture site is treated with a plaster and a pressure bandage. A small hematoma (bruise) is a common but generally harmless consequence of the biopsy. In most cases, this hematoma subsides on its own after a few days.

The vacuum biopsy is a routine examination that is well tolerated.