Working Group "Quantitative and Metabolic Neuroimaging"

Head: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. rer. nat. X. Ding

The WG Ding is concerned with the establishment of new MR methods to detect and investigate microstructural and metabolic changes in the brain in vivo. One research focus of the working group is quantitative MR imaging (qMRI). Various quantitative mapping methods have been developed and optimized as tools for scientific research and clinical application, such as T1, T2, T2* and T2' mapping. In combination with DTI, qMRI is often able to detect subtle pathological changes in various neurodegenerative diseases that are not visible on conventional MRI. Another field of research is 1H-MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS). 1H-MRS can be used to determine the concentrations of metabolites - such as N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) as a marker for neuronal tissue integrity, total choline (Cho) as a marker for membrane phospholipid metabolism, total creatine (tCr) as a marker for energy metabolism or myo-inositol (mI) as a marker for gliosis and as an osmolyte and glutamine/glutamate (Glx) as a neurotransmitter - in vivo in the brain and obtain information on neurometabolism. However, current 1H-MRS methods can only examine a small area of the brain each time, and with a relatively long examination time. This limits the use of 1H-MRS. As a recent success, the working group has successfully established a worldwide novel method for whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (wbMRSI) at the MHH with the help of an international cooperation funded by the DFG. wbMRSI can be used to create so-called metabolite maps for the entire brain (Figure 1), which contain detailed information on metabolite distributions in the brain (Figure 2). With this valuable tool, we can introduce completely new aspects in the research of neurometabolism and gain new/deep knowledge, e.g. about the physiological ageing processes in healthy individuals or about the pathological neurodegenerative processes in patients.

Copyright: Ding, Xiaoqi/Neuroradiology/MHH
Figure 1: Metabolite maps of a healthy volunteer (line 1-5) and corresponding anatomical sections, created from the raw data of whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging.
Copyright: Ding, Xiaoqi/Neuroradiology/MHH
Figure 2: Layers of the spectra at the height of the center semiovale of a healthy person: 1) MR spectra of all voxels (left); 2) Magnification of the spectra of 6 vexels (top right); 3) Corresponding metabolite maps and anatomy (T1w) (bottom right).